![]() ![]() In an Ethernet environment, ARP is used to map a MAC address to an IP address.ĪRP dynamically binds the IP address (the logical address) to the correct MAC address. Sending IP packets on a multi access network requires mapping from an IP address to a media access control (MAC) address (the physical or hardware address). Address Resolution: ARP is the Address Resolution Protocol, which maintains a table named as ARP table. VLANs can also help create multiple layer 3 networks on a single physical infrastructure. Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) creates a separate broadcast domain in layer 2 network. ![]() The remaining bits are assigned locally and, when joined to the network portion of the address, uniquely identify some host on a particular network. Ī variable number of the beginning bits are assigned by an Internet authority and represent a subnet located somewhere in the world. The last 24 bits form the serial number of the LAN interface cards and their uniqueness must be enforced by the company (some companies reuse numbers of bad or returned cards while others do not). The first 24 bits are assigned by the IEEE and form the organizationally unique identifier (OUI) of the manufacturer or vendor requesting the address. Frames and packets contain both source and destination addresses in their headers. All devices on LANs that are attached to the Internet have both MAC layer and IP addresses. (IP also employs a naming convention absent in Ethernet, but we'll ignore that in this discussion.) The key differences in how these addresses are assigned make all the difference when it comes to the basic functions of a bridge as opposed to a router. ![]() Ethernet MAC addresses come from the IEEE and IP subnet addresses come from various Internet authorities. Both Ethernet and IP use globally unique network addresses that can be used as the basis for a truly global network. Networking Fundamentals 1.5 Layer2 addressing and address resolution The Internet is a global, public network with IP subnets connected by routers and exchanging packets. ![]()
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